|
| | |||||||
| Notebooks Office productivity is greatly increased by the notebooks on the market. Discuss the notebooks you currently own as well as the latest trends. |
| | LinkBack | Thread Tools |
| |||
| Running laptop on AC power with battery removed Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this time the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power continously. According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never on battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's in a ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back in the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. My questions are: 1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator before it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? 2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust buildup in an empty battery compartment? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! - Dave |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 06:22:15 -0700 (PDT), starved@rock.com wrote: >Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this time >the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power continously. > >According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, >leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never on >battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. > >So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's in a >ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. HELLO, NO! Not in the fridge!!! You have to look at the optimum storage temprature. That - so my guess - is somewhere between 14 to 20 °C Also, I would have loaded it fully before taking it into storage. >The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back in >the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the >refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. No, all the time up to at leat 90 percent! >My questions are: > >1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator before >it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? In the cold it degrades fast. >2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust >buildup in an empty battery compartment? YES! It must be a DRY place. -- **** WARNING **** The web-hoster Globat.com steals money from your credit card account. If you are a customer of Globat.com, never give them any credit card information. If you can't erase the information, then do delete the old card and get a new one! **** WARNING **** |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 06:22:15 -0700 (PDT), starved@rock.comwrote: >Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this time >the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power continously. > >According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, >leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never on >battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. > >So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's in a >ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. > >The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back in >the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the >refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. > >My questions are: > >1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator before >it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? > >2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust >buildup in an empty battery compartment? > >Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! > >- Dave Lithium Ion batteries have a finite number of charges. Has nothing to do with leaving it in the laptop while on AC provided the power functions of the laptop work as designed. |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed In news:2a7b07e8-c255-4920-864d-20e4badc6352@s15g2000yqs.googlegroups.com, starved@rock.com typed on Thu, 13 Aug 2009 06:22:15 -0700 (PDT): > Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this time > the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power continously. > > According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, > leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never on > battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. > > So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's in a > ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. > > The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back in > the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the > refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. > > My questions are: > > 1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator before > it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? > > 2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust > buildup in an empty battery compartment? > > Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! You don't need to keep it in the refrigerator for one. I keep my dozen or so Li-Ion batteries in a drawer. While keeping the battery 40% charged figure is thrown around as being best, I use 80% to 90% range for storing and the batteries has lasted over 10 years this way. How often to recharge them? It depends on how much the internal resistance is. This varies from battery to battery. Typically most loses 1% to 2% per month. So every 3, 6, or even 12 months should be okay. Pushing them 3 years in storage is where I find is often the trip point. As the voltage of the cells are close to or has exceeded the minimum safe levels and maybe too far gone by then. Contacts? I never had a problem with corrosion with the battery contacts. -- Bill Gateway MX6124 ('06 era) - Windows XP SP2 |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed On Aug 13, 9:04*am, "BillW50" <Bill...@aol.kom> wrote: > Innews:2a7b07e8-c255-4920-864d-20e4badc6352@s15g2000yqs.googlegroups.com, > star...@rock.com typed on Thu, 13 Aug 2009 06:22:15 -0700 (PDT): > > > > > > > Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this time > > the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power continously. > > > According tohttp://www.batteryuniversity.comand other sources, > > leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never on > > battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. > > > So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's in a > > ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. > > > The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back in > > the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the > > refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. > > > My questions are: > > > 1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator before > > it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? > > > 2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust > > buildup in an empty battery compartment? > > > Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! > > You don't need to keep it in the refrigerator for one. I keep my dozen > or so Li-Ion batteries in a drawer. While keeping the battery 40% > charged figure is thrown around as being best, I use 80% to 90% range > for storing and the batteries has lasted over 10 years this way. > > How often to recharge them? It depends on how much the internal > resistance is. This varies from battery to battery. Typically most loses > 1% to 2% per month. So every 3, 6, or even 12 months should be okay. > Pushing them 3 years in storage is where I find is often the trip point. > As the voltage of the cells are close to or has exceeded the minimum > safe levels and maybe too far gone by then. > > Contacts? I never had a problem with corrosion with the battery > contacts. > > -- > Bill > Gateway MX6124 ('06 era) - Windows XP SP2- Hide quoted text - > > - Show quoted text - Thanks for the responses. My plan is based on this information that I've found: http://laptopbatterynews.com/2009/04...ry-performance Remove Battery when Using AC/DC Power Source Laptop batteries are in constant charge and discharge state when you have the AC/DC adapter plugged into the computer and using the computer with the battery installed. Removing the battery while using the AC/DC adapter will help prolong the life span of the battey since most last 500-800 charging cycles or 18-24 months. These frequent shallow charges do not allow all of the battery cells to properly condition for optimum battery performance. http://www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-19.htm Keep batteries in a cool and dry storage area. Refrigeration is recommended but freezers should be avoided. When refrigerated, the battery should be placed in a plastic bag to protect against condensation Do not fully charge lithium and nickel-based batteries before storage. Keep them partially charged and apply a full charge before use. Store lithium-ion at about 40% state-of-charge (3.75-3.80V/cell open terminal). Lead-acid batteries must be stored fully charged. |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed Meat Plow wrote: > On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 06:22:15 -0700 (PDT), starved@rock.comwrote: > >> Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this time >> the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power >> continously. >> >> According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, >> leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never >> on battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. >> >> So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's in a >> ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. >> >> The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back in >> the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the >> refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. >> >> My questions are: >> >> 1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator before >> it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? >> >> 2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust >> buildup in an empty battery compartment? >> >> Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! >> >> - Dave > > Lithium Ion batteries have a finite number of charges. Has nothing to > do with leaving it in the laptop while on AC provided the power > functions of the laptop work as designed. From the link the OP supplied: "Storage in a cool place slows the aging process of lithium-ion (and other chemistries). Manufacturers recommend storage temperatures of 15°C (59°F). In addition, the battery should be partially charged during storage. The manufacturer recommends a 40% charge." "Lithium-ion offers good charging performance at cold and hot temperatures. The acceptable charge range is 0° to 45°C (32°F to 113°F). It is recommended, however, to reduce the charge rate to less than 1C at temperatures of 5°C to 0°C (41°F to 32°F). It is important to know that consumer grade lithium-ion batteries cannot be charged below 0°C (32°F). Although the packs appear to be charging normally at freezing temperatures, the cell impedance goes up and the acceptance of the ions on the anode is drastically reduced." " Quality chargers reduce the charge current at cold temperatures and avert a charge altogether below 0°C (32°F). When charging a cold battery, allow the pack to warm up before putting it into the charger. Discharging a lithium-ion battery at cold temperature does not cause any harm. The lower performance will only be noticeable while the pack is dwelling in the cold state." " The recommended storage temperature for most batteries is 15°C (59°F). While lead-acid batteries must always be kept at full charge, nickel and lithium-based chemistries should be stored at 40% state-of-charge (SoC)." "Lithium-ion powers most of today's laptop computers. The battery compartment on many laptops rises to about 45°C (113°F) during operation. The combination of high charge level and elevated ambient temperature presents an unfavorable condition for the battery. This explains the short lifespan of many laptop batteries." Buffalo |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 08:34:41 -0600, "Buffalo" <Eric@nada.com.invalid>wrote: > >Meat Plow wrote: >> On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 06:22:15 -0700 (PDT), starved@rock.comwrote: >> >>> Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this time >>> the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power >>> continously. >>> >>> According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, >>> leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never >>> on battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. >>> >>> So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's in a >>> ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. >>> >>> The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back in >>> the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the >>> refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. >>> >>> My questions are: >>> >>> 1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator before >>> it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? >>> >>> 2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust >>> buildup in an empty battery compartment? >>> >>> Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! >>> >>> - Dave >> >> Lithium Ion batteries have a finite number of charges. Has nothing to >> do with leaving it in the laptop while on AC provided the power >> functions of the laptop work as designed. > >From the link the OP supplied: <snip> Doesn't apply to my experience, YMMV. Refrigeration may increase the shelf life but the bottom line is still charge cycles. |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed starved@rock.com wrote: > Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this time > the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power continously. > > According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, > leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never on > battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. > > So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's in a > ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. > > The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back in > the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the > refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. > > My questions are: > > 1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator before > it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? According to the article in the above posted link, it states that a Lithium-ion battery stored at 40% charge in a cool place will be able to recover 98% of its capacity after 1 year. If it is stored at 100% charge, it will be able to recover only 94% of its capacity after 1 year. If stored a 25C (around room temp, but much cooler than it would be in the laptop): 40% charge = 96% after 1 yr 100% charge = 80% after 1 yr If stored in the laptop (around 45C+) it would probably lose over 40% of its capacity after 1 yr or less; it would be at full charge most of the time it was in the laptop. > 2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust > buildup in an empty battery compartment? > > Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! > > - Dave I think you are doing the right thing to prolong the laptop battery. When you take it out of the fridge, leave it in the ziplock bag until it warms up and don't charge it until it is around room temp and there is no moisture on the battery or its contacts. Putting a cold object in a warm moist room will cause a lot of condensation to form on the cold object. Buffalo |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed Meat Plow wrote: > On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 08:34:41 -0600, "Buffalo" > <Eric@nada.com.invalid>wrote: > >> >> Meat Plow wrote: >>> On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 06:22:15 -0700 (PDT), starved@rock.comwrote: >>> >>>> Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this >>>> time the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power >>>> continously. >>>> >>>> According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, >>>> leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never >>>> on battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. >>>> >>>> So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's >>>> in a ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. >>>> >>>> The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back >>>> in the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the >>>> refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. >>>> >>>> My questions are: >>>> >>>> 1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator >>>> before it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? >>>> >>>> 2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust >>>> buildup in an empty battery compartment? >>>> >>>> Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! >>>> >>>> - Dave >>> >>> Lithium Ion batteries have a finite number of charges. Has nothing >>> to do with leaving it in the laptop while on AC provided the power >>> functions of the laptop work as designed. >> >> From the link the OP supplied: > > <snip> > > Doesn't apply to my experience, YMMV. Refrigeration may increase the > shelf life but the bottom line is still charge cycles. I agree with you on the charge cycles being finite and one of the limiting factors. Leaving it in the laptop subjects it to above room temps and shortens its ability to regain its capacity. The chart on the link posted by Dave was pretty enlightening. Buffalo |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 08:52:46 -0600, "Buffalo" <Eric@nada.com.invalid>wrote: > > >Meat Plow wrote: >> On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 08:34:41 -0600, "Buffalo" >> <Eric@nada.com.invalid>wrote: >> >>> >>> Meat Plow wrote: >>>> On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 06:22:15 -0700 (PDT), starved@rock.comwrote: >>>> >>>>> Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this >>>>> time the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power >>>>> continously. >>>>> >>>>> According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, >>>>> leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never >>>>> on battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. >>>>> >>>>> So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's >>>>> in a ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. >>>>> >>>>> The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back >>>>> in the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the >>>>> refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. >>>>> >>>>> My questions are: >>>>> >>>>> 1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator >>>>> before it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? >>>>> >>>>> 2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust >>>>> buildup in an empty battery compartment? >>>>> >>>>> Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! >>>>> >>>>> - Dave >>>> >>>> Lithium Ion batteries have a finite number of charges. Has nothing >>>> to do with leaving it in the laptop while on AC provided the power >>>> functions of the laptop work as designed. >>> >>> From the link the OP supplied: >> >> <snip> >> >> Doesn't apply to my experience, YMMV. Refrigeration may increase the >> shelf life but the bottom line is still charge cycles. > >I agree with you on the charge cycles being finite and one of the limiting >factors. >Leaving it in the laptop subjects it to above room temps and shortens its >ability to regain its capacity. >The chart on the link posted by Dave was pretty enlightening. >Buffalo > Depends on where the battery is located. Don't assume all laptop battery packs are mounted close to sources of heat. On my two laptops the battery pack is up front away from heat sources. Both were new in 2004. Both still run 2 hours on a charge as they did 5 years ago. Both have remained attached for their entire life so far and show no appreciable decrease in capacity. There are plenty of arguments for and against removal while using as a desktop. I'm for removal as long as it doesn't compromise the laptop's physical well being like (but not limited to) allowing foreign objects to infiltrate or interfering with the laptop's electronics. |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed In news:57f9a7b3-6cf5-4c2e-a393-7212187fdab6@g10g2000yqh.googlegroups.com, starved@rock.com typed on Thu, 13 Aug 2009 07:19:47 -0700 (PDT): > Thanks for the responses. > > My plan is based on this information that I've found: > > http://laptopbatterynews.com/2009/04...ry-performance > > Remove Battery when Using AC/DC Power Source > Laptop batteries are in constant charge and discharge state when you > have the AC/DC adapter plugged into the computer and using the > computer with the battery installed. Removing the battery while using > the AC/DC adapter will help prolong the life span of the battey since > most last 500-800 charging cycles or 18-24 months. These frequent > shallow charges do not allow all of the battery cells to properly > condition for optimum battery performance. > > http://www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-19.htm > > Keep batteries in a cool and dry storage area. Refrigeration is > recommended but freezers should be avoided. When refrigerated, the > battery should be placed in a plastic bag to protect against > condensation > > Do not fully charge lithium and nickel-based batteries before storage. > Keep them partially charged and apply a full charge before use. Store > lithium-ion at about 40% state-of-charge (3.75-3.80V/cell open > terminal). Lead-acid batteries must be stored fully charged. I agree with most everything. Although that 500-800 recharges are partial recharges IMHO. As if you run them down all of the time before recharging, the number is usually within 200 to 250 range. And that 18 to 24 month figure is true if left in the laptop. Not true if left out of the laptop. As it will last 3 or more times longer than that. The reason being is that the heat from the laptop (some are cooler than others) keeps the battery at higher temperatures. Which in the short run doesn't mean much. But day after day does degrade the battery which makes it useless in about 18 to 24 months for most laptops. Another side effect of leaving the battery in all of the time on AC, is that most laptops will recharge the battery again once it drops down to 96%. So the battery will be in this 96% to 100% charged state the whole time it is left in the laptop on AC. Also not so good for the battery. And this last reason why not to leave it in the laptop which I am pretty much alone with this opinion. Is that laptop manufactures want to boost long battery life. And to do this, they charge the cells to 4.2v per cell. Great for longer running times. Bad for battery longevity. As stopping the charge when the battery hits 4.1v per cell makes it lasts so much longer IMHO. So there you go and good luck! -- Bill Gateway MX6124 ('06 era) - Windows XP SP2 |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed <starved@rock.com> wrote in message news:2a7b07e8-c255-4920-864d-20e4badc6352@s15g2000yqs.googlegroups.com... | Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this time | the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power continously. | | According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, | leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never on | battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. | | So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's in a | ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. | | The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back in | the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the | refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. | | My questions are: | | 1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator before | it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? | | 2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust | buildup in an empty battery compartment? | | Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! | | - Dave If you remove the battery while on AC, make sure you use a UPS to avoid unexpected power loss and data loss/corruption. Frankly, I would not keep a battery at 40% charge because then I'm screwed if I have to use the laptop on battery power on short notice without time to fully charge it. I've found that my laptop batteries typically last longer than two years albeit with a somewhat reduced capacity. But then I don't use my laptop as a desktop substitute. If I get 2-3 years of useful life without all fuss of storing half charged batteries, then I'm happy. After all, the cost of a new $100 battery amortized over three years is $0.09 a day. |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed On Thu, 13 Aug 2009 06:22:15 -0700 (PDT), starved@rock.com wrote: >Brand new Dell Inspiron 1545 laptop purchased last week. At this time >the system will be used as a desktop, running on AC power continously. > >According to http://www.batteryuniversity.com and other sources, >leaving the battery in - while always running on AC power and never on >battery power - will shorten the life of the battery. > >So the battery's been removed, and with a 40% charge on it, it's in a >ziplock bag and stored in the refrigerator. > >The plan is to remove it from storage after some time, put it back in >the laptop, recharge it back up to 40%, and then store it in the >refrigerator again. This cycle will be repeated indefinitely. > >My questions are: > >1. How long can the battery remain stored in the refrigerator before >it has to be recharged? One month? Two months? > >2. Should I be concerned about corrosion of the contacts or dust >buildup in an empty battery compartment? > >Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! > >- Dave If you remove the battery, might be wise to run it on a UPS in case of a surge or outage. |
| |||
| Re: Running laptop on AC power with battery removed starved@rock.com wrote in news:57f9a7b3-6cf5-4c2e-a393-7212187fdab6@g10g2000yqh.googlegroups.com: > On Aug 13, 9:04*am, "BillW50" <Bill...@aol.kom> wrote: >> Innews:2a7b07e8-c255-4920-864d-20e4badc6352@s15g2000yqs.googlegroups.com >> , star...@rock.com typed on Thu, 13 Aug 2009 06:22:15 -0700 (PDT): > http://www.batteryuniversity.com/partone-19.htm > > Keep batteries in a cool and dry storage area. Refrigeration is > recommended but freezers should be avoided. When refrigerated, the > battery should be placed in a plastic bag to protect against > condensation > Wouldn't the water condense out of the air in the bag? Evacuating the bag in some way would seem prudent if possible even if just with a straw. -- (setq (chuck nil) car(chuck) ) |
| Bookmarks |
| Thread Tools | |
| |
| | ||||
| Thread | Thread Starter | Forum | Replies | Last Post |
| Laptop power adaptor using battery bay and connector? | Peter Hucker | Notebooks | 11 | 03-27-2009 08:45 PM |
| Laptop power adaptor using battery bay and connector? | Peter Hucker | Notebooks | 7 | 03-27-2009 08:41 PM |
| Laptop power adaptor using battery bay and connector? | Peter Hucker | Notebooks | 8 | 03-27-2009 08:24 PM |
| Laptop power adaptor using battery bay and connector? | Peter Hucker | Notebooks | 8 | 03-27-2009 08:20 PM |
| Laptop runs on battery power but not A/C power | cowboyathome | Notebooks | 3 | 12-25-2007 03:40 PM |
| New To Technology Questions? | Do You Need Help with Your Computer or Device? | Do You Need Help with this site? |